Xanax, or alprazolam, is a benzodiazepine medication used to treat anxiety and panic disorders. It works by enhancing the calming effects of GABA, a neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity. Xanax is effective for managing acute anxiety episodes but can lead to dependence if used long-term. Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, and confusion. Patients should take Xanax as prescribed and avoid alcohol, which can increase sedation.